Osteochondrosis is a disease that is one of the most common in the world.Most people after 35 years have cervical spinal osteochondrosis in one form or another.Recently, there is a tendency to increase the number of severe suffering and rejuvenate the disease, lowering the lowering threshold.This is due to the fact that the increase in the number of people around the world is involved in sitting down and leading an inactive lifestyle.In the meantime, the disease is quite dangerous, and where people should know what it is - osteochondrosis, how it is indicated and how they are treated, can recognize symptoms and start treatment in a timely manner.
Cause
Osteochondrosis is one of the few diseases that features only for humans.In other animals, the disease is not found.The reason for this is a distinctive characteristic of a person as simple.The vertical arrangement of the spinal column leads to the fact that the vertebrae presses each other and the spinal cord-chryshabi tissue gradually lowers and defects.
The human bone begins with the cervical region.In total, there are seven vertebrae in the department - from the first to the seventh.The vertebrae is separated from each other by the intervertebral disc.The cervical spine is a very exposed part of it, which is associated, first of all, with increased vertebral mobility in the area.In the cervical region, the disease is reflected, first of all, on the disc, which is a weak place in the spinal structure.
The prevalence of cervical osteochondrosis is also facilitated by factors such as small sizes of vertebra and relative weakness of the neck muscle.Also, the development of cervical osteochondrosis is greatly affected by the lack of blood supply to cartilage tissue.
Therefore, the development of the disease is a complex and prolonged process and has no cause.Although the connection is established between a person's inactive work and the presence of cervical osteochondrosis, however, the disease is often found in trained people, especially athletes to increase the burden on the cervical spine when lifting weights.
In older people, as a rule, vertebrate deterioration is an inevitable process related to body aging and weakening its protective power.However, the pathology of cervical osteochondrosis is most commonly found, where external or internal negative factors play a major role.
Factors contributing to the development of neck osteochondrosis:
- A violation of posture
- Spinal curvature
- Back injury
- Overweight
- Hard physical work
- Work is not active
- An inactive lifestyle
- A violation of the metabolic process
- Frequent hypothermia
- In uncomfortable pose during sleep
- Pressure, hard work
- Descendant
- Contagious
- Individual characteristics of body structure, for example, too long or too short of neck
Stage of development of cervical osteochondrosis
The disease has four stages.It is not necessarily easy to determine the level of the disease with symptom analysis, as sometimes the degree of deterioration of bone cheese tissue may not be in accordance with the symptoms observed in the patient.
First degree
The damage process begins in the vertebral bone tissue.As a rule, at the level of osteochondrosis of the cervical area, the symptoms are weak.Patients or do not notice it at all or do not associate with spinal disease, but attribute to stress and hard work.
Second
The decrease in the height of the disc begins, cracks appear on the surface.Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis at this stage are indicated in persistent pain, weakness, numbness from the individual.
Third degree
Disc drin is formed, vessels and cervical muscles are damaged.The patient has dizziness, pain in the head.
Fourth degree
Osteophytes appear - the growth of bone tissue that protects the vertebra from the load, leading to nerve infringement.This leads to the stiffness of movement and damage to the neighboring joints.
Symptom
The main symptoms of cervical spinal osteochondrosis:
- Pain in the neck and shoulders
- Muscle weakness
- An increase in sweating
- Numbness
- A violation of coordination
- Dizzy
- The deterioration of vision and hearing
- Increases blood pressure
- Headache
Spinal osteochondrosis is typical of osteochondrosis, symptoms can be present at all stages of the disease.In most cases, only a few symptoms are observed from the list, and the rest may not be present from people who first discover the signs of the disease, not always suspect cervical osteochondrosis.Therefore, he can contact various doctors - therapists, cardiologists, neuropathologists, surgeons.And the correct diagnosis as a result can be made with significant delays.
Syndrome for cervical osteochondrosis
With cervical osteochondrosis, several syndrome are found, which is a common condition that has complex features.They are indicated depending on what nerves and arteries are affected by the disease:
- Vail arterial syndrome
- Cardial Syndrome
- Hypertension syndrome
- Rook Syndrome
- Cervical migraine syndrome
Spinal artery syndrome is one of the most unpleasant and dangerous complications with cervical osteochondrosis.It is due to reduced blood flow throughout the artery passing along the spine and brain supply.This syndrome shows itself in symptoms such as systemic or periodic dizziness, wearing and vision.In some cases, fainting may occur.There are usually various syndromes, consisting of the fact that in normal circumstances, blood flow to the artery is normal, however, when turning the head in one direction or the other, it can fall sharply.
Cardial syndrome develops as the nerve roots that preserve the diaphragm or chest muscles.As a result, the patient may experience pain that resembles cardialgia, although the heart does not occur in the liver.However, this syndrome can be characterized by phenomena such as tachycardia, hypotension and arrhythmia.
Hypertension syndrome is also one of the most dangerous complications.Unlike vertebral arterial syndrome, it is caused by a non -arterial redness, but a vein, which complicates blood flow from the head.This syndrome leads to increased intracranial pressure, which can be seen in symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache.
Cervical migraine syndrome has little similarity to its etiology with classic migraine.It shows itself in the strongest pain in the head of the head.The pain is paroxysmal, up to ten hours and is accompanied by vomiting.
Rest syndrome is the most common syndrome for cervical spinal osteochondrosis.It is caused by the compression of the individual nerve root in the cervical vertebra.It can be expressed in pain in the neck, nape, shoulder blades, shoulders, in numbness and weakness of individual hand tones (so that it is impossible to perform several types of manipulation) and neck.
Often some of the individual syndromes or symptoms of different features of the syndrome can be seen at once.
As you can see, with cervical spinal osteochondrosis, the manifestation of the disease is diverse and far from the patient can recognize the cause of their occurrence properly.If you face the same symptoms, then this is an opportunity to see a doctor.
Diagnostics
To install the diagnosis, it is advisable to contact the therapist.He will refer to experts - orthopedics, vertebrologists, neurologists.
The following types of research are used for diagnosis:
- Radiography
- Computed tomography
- Magnetic tomography
- An ultrasound scanning from the neck vessel
X -Ray allows you to determine the vertebral displacement, the presence of growth - osteophytes and salt deposits, disk seals.The computed tomography consists of creating a series of X -Ray images that give a big idea of the body, in this case, about the cervical spine.It allows you to detail the level of pathological processes - nerve compression properties, osteophytes structure, disc height, and other.Magnetic resonance imaging, based on the physical effects of nuclear magnetic resonance, gives a more detailed picture of the spine.Necklace ultrasound helps to identify changes in blood flow to the main vessel of the neck caused by the disease.
Treatment
How to treat cervical osteochondrosis and are treated altogether?To fight the disease, the drug has developed many methods.Some methods of treatment can be used at home.But this process is a long and complete healing that is not possible, especially in old age.However, it is possible to slow down and stop the damage to the spine wherever the disease.
In the early stages of the disease, the method is usually conservative.Several ways used to treat cervical osteochondrosis:
- Medication
- Physical Education Medicine
- Physiotherapy
- Massage
- A special tool for fixing the spine
If the disease has moved to the last stage, and there is a serious destruction to the spinal structure, then surgery can also be used to treat cervical spinal osteochondrosis.
Drug
The following types of drugs are used:
- Chondroprotectors
- Vitamin
- Analgesic
- Anti -inflammation drugs
- Antispasmodics
In acute pain syndrome associated with osteochondrosis, the priority task is to eliminate it.As a rule, oral preparations are used, however, with their inefficiencies, novocaine blockade is used in severe cases.
With muscle cramps, antispasmodic is used.They show the biggest effectiveness for osteochondrosis.As an anti -painkiller and painkillers, ointment containing non -Medicine medications can be used.
With the presence of syndrome associated with blood circulation disorders and blood supply to the brain - hypertension and vertebral artery syndrome, drugs that relieve unwanted effects of this syndrome - lower pressure drugs and nootropic agents.
Physical Education Medicine
Medical physical education is the simplest and most affordable type of treatment for cervical osteochondrosis and, at the same time, is quite effective.Physical education can also be carried out at home.With osteochondrosis, the intensity of the class does not play a determining role, only their regularity is required.First of all, Physical Education is designed to strengthen the neck muscles, which forms inadequate spinal function and helps it maintain a weak vertebra.
To strengthen the neck muscles, daily classes are recommended.They can be completely simple, consisting of turn and head tilt in different directions, and more complex, including the help of neck muscles.They can be done at home and at work.For example, if work is inactive, it is useful to do such exercises after sitting at a table or monitor.However, they can only be done outside the hunting period and without pain.Otherwise, they can only worsen the situation.
No less effective is the strengthening of the muscles -The shoulders of the shoulder, for example, using a regular class with light dumbbells.However, weight lifting (heavy, rods) is contraindicated.Swimming periodically, unloading the spine, also useful.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy is a method of treatment that uses several physical and radiation areas to implement the body.Physiotherapy positive property is that it has a minimum number of contraindications.
The following physiotherapy methods are used to treat osteochondrosis:
- An ultrasound exposure
- Laser therapy
- Exposure to a magnetic field
- The effect of electric current (electrophoresis)
Magnetic fields positively affects the body's damaged tissues and have anti -anti -analgesic effects.Ultrasound improves metabolic processes in tissues, relieves swelling.The same can be said about laser therapy.Electrophoresis is most commonly used in a group of drugs, as the use of electrical current accelerates their absorption by the body.
Massage
Massage reduces increased muscle tone that causes cramps and reduces the flow of lymphatic flow.This procedure helps improve blood circulation in the affected area, which stops the process of destruction of the intervertebral disc.
Another method of treatment
To reduce the load on the cervical compartment, a special device is used - chantzz collar, which fixes the neck in a fixed normal position.It is recommended to wear it during suppression with pain syndrome or prolonged sitting.
To avoid severity, you should also arrange a bed.Pillows should not cause neck curvature, and mattresses should be rigid and even.In some cases, special sleeping devices can help - orthopedic mattresses and pillows.